Mangosteen Powder in Cosmetic Formulations: Stability, Actives, and Application

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) has a well-documented phytochemical profile that makes it relevant to cosmetic formulation. The pericarp (rind) is the traditional source of xanthone extracts, but the aril (fruit flesh) — the basis for freeze-dried mangosteen powder — also contains bioactive compounds relevant to cosmetic applications.

Active compounds

Freeze-dried mangosteen flesh powder contains anthocyanins, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. These contribute antioxidant activity measured by DPPH and FRAP assays. The deep purple-red colour of mangosteen powder comes from anthocyanin pigments that are also of interest as natural colourants in formulation.

Stability considerations

Anthocyanins are sensitive to pH, light, heat, and oxidation. In topical formulations, stability is improved at slightly acidic pH (3.5–5.5), which is consistent with most skincare pH targets. Avoid prolonged exposure to heat above 50°C during formulation. Opaque packaging and antioxidant co-formulants extend active stability.

Recommended use levels

For antioxidant claims: 0.5–2.0% w/w in the finished formulation. For natural pigment contribution: 0.2–1.0% depending on desired colour depth. These are indicative levels — actual use level should be determined by your stability testing and claim substantiation process.

Application formats

• Sheet masks and wash-off masks: direct incorporation into gel or cream base
• Exfoliants: physical exfoliant component with active contribution
• Serums: solubilised fraction in aqueous phase
• Colour cosmetics: natural pigment in powder formulations
• Bath and body: decorative and antioxidant role in scrubs and soaks

INCI and labelling

Freeze-dried mangosteen powder is typically declared as Garcinia Mangostana Fruit Powder in INCI nomenclature. Confirm the exact declaration with your supplier and verify against the EU CosIng database for your market.